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The venous systems of the lower limb |
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Written by Administrator
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Thursday, 08 October 2009 03:56 |
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The anatomy of the venous system of lower limb has great variation and in general it consists of :
I- Superficial System: (Superficial to deep Fascia).
1- Long saphenous vein: start 1cm above and anterior to the medial malleolus and pass through the antero-medial aspect of the leg and thigh to open into the femoral vein through the saphenous opening.
2- Short saphenous vein: start above the ankle joint in the post. aspect of the leg midway between lateral malleolus and tendoachilis & end in the popliteal vein with variable course.
Both long & short saphenous veins may communicate with each other.
II. Deep system: Veins in the soleus muscle
Ant. & post. tibial veins in the leg form the popliteal vein which is the major tributary to the femoral vein.
The deep system lies deep to deep fascia.
III- Communicating system:
Perforating veins communicating between sup & deep systems:
1- At Saphenofemoral junction.
2- At the middle of the thigh.
3- Just above the knee.
4- Just below the knee.
5- Just above the ankle.
All the previous systems are provided with valves which permit the blood flow in one direction only:
From sup. to deep system and from below upward. So, the muscles of the Lower limb are called the peripheral heart.
IV- Ankle Perforators (Cockett's perforators): 3 or more in number connecting the deep system to small venules directly from the skin & fascia not related to the saphenous system.
SOURCE:DR AYMAN SALEM'S BOOK
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Last Updated on Friday, 09 October 2009 06:33 |
